The nature of research methods in architecture and urban design
mahta
mirmoghtadaee
Faculty member of Road, Housing and Urban Development Research Center (BHRC)
author
Nazanin
Ganjizadeh
Ph.D. student of Architecture-Islamin Azad University West Tehran Branch
author
Samaneh
Hosseinabadi
Researcher, Road, Housing and Urban Development Research Center (BHRC)
author
text
article
2018
per
Urban design and architecture are among multi-disciplinary subject-areas dealing with a wide range of topics starting from humanities and ending with natural sciences. This unique character makes the selection and application of research methods very difficult. To add to the existing knowledge on this subject area, the authors tried to introduce common research methods in architecture and urban design. The first step to achieve the goal is identification of main research paradigms. In this part, the classification done by John W. Creswell has been accepted as the basis, and four main paradigms have been identified as the theoretical basis of research methods including: positivism, interpretivism, pragmatism and critical theory. The recognition of research strategies or typologies is the next step. After developing a draft classification, it was necessary to justify the results through an empirical study. To do so, through a selective sampling method, a number of research papers which have been published in Iranian scientific journals have been chosen. After thorough comparison of the results, the final diagram has been drawn. The diagram illustrates main research paradigms, together with different research strategies. It has the potential to be completed through time, and presents the general classification of common research methods in the field of urban design and architecture. To give a more comprehensive knowledge on each research method, a table has been developed which could be filled later on. It consists of following information: paradigm, approach, goal and implementation (data gathering methods and data analysis methods). The results indicate the dominance and importance of qualitative and mixed research methods in architecture and urban design studies.
Architectural and Environmental Reasearch
University of Zanjan
۲۵۸۸-۶۳۶۳
1
v.
1
no.
2018
1
12
https://jaer.znu.ac.ir/article_32724_8e44e1f05403f57d67fdf835333bbf3a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30470/jaer.2018.32724
The elements of Public participation in traditional cities
to achieve social sustainability
najme
malekpour
architecture faculty/ azad university/ yazd
author
text
article
2018
per
Achieving to social sustainability is so important in contemporary cities and public participation isone of the solutions that comes up through an understanding of human values and qualifying man-made spaces. Surveying urban context of traditional cities reveals signs of public participatory at different levels. public participation, particularly in urban public spaces leads to social interaction, security and social stability. Participatory architecture is known as design approach, but in many cases, like political approach it is a medium that gradate social interactions. This study plans to introduce a variety of public participatory and its approaches like participatory, community & social architecture, then by researching about social activities in public spaces of historical cities recognizes how people participate in each of these spaces and its effect on social sustainability of the city. The hypothese is: despite the changes in political & social system of modern cities and the new concepts of contemporary public participation, The patterns and elements of the past public participation could be classified and compared with contemporary concepts. The cognition of public participatory elements on historical urban contexts is not just a design approach; as a social event, analysis of this public activities and their interaction with built environment could be a successful case study to represent solutions for participatory architecture. Yazd is one of these historical cities. Researching in historical context of the city, surveying public activities in different open spaces of urban context and companionship with habitants, reveals how these activities and spaces quality have changed in time. The conclusion represents how these all can help reconstruction and rehabilitation of historical context of cities by public participation.
Architectural and Environmental Reasearch
University of Zanjan
۲۵۸۸-۶۳۶۳
1
v.
1
no.
2018
13
26
https://jaer.znu.ac.ir/article_32725_52177fa87158dff72af273101a43d379.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30470/jaer.2018.32725
Spatial quality analysis of Kerman Shahzadeh Mahan Garden based on the theory of motion and evaluation of the audiences' mental image
Firoozeh
Azmoon
Departement of architecture ,Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch
author
Mahdieh
Moeini
Departement of architecture ,Islamic Azad University,Kerman Branch,Kerman,Iran
author
text
article
2018
per
Iranian garden creates a complex system of spatial perception for its audiences by its structure. Organized layout of natural and man-made elements in Iranian garden space creation is one of the most essential components in creating special mental image in audiences of Iranian garden. The fundamental theorem of this study is based on surveying the impact of the structure of Mahan Shahzadeh Garden, as a sample of Iranian garden, possessing different spatial sequences on audiences perception due to motion in the garden space, which has been performed by identifying the garden spatial sequences, evaluating and criticizing the identified sequences based on assessment of audiences mental image. For this purpose, research method of text content analysis has been used for collecting theoretical data and case study method using questionnaire. Data were collected with a statistical population of 30 audiences of Mahan Shahzadeh Garden and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Criticism in this study is of criterion oriented type in two quantity oriented and theory oriented sections are basis of critical analysis. The obtained results indicate that different sequences in this garden in respect of garden structure will create common mental images in audiences, since the percent of response of audiences to dynamic components resultant from the garden geometry, hierarchy of passing portal to main palace, creating pause in emerging audiences' emotional motion and so on has been higher than 50% and is indicative of their positive impact. At the end of the study, this result was obtained that Shahzadeh Mahan garden is a successful sample in creating pause feeling and other senses either in respect of physical or semantic motion.
Architectural and Environmental Reasearch
University of Zanjan
۲۵۸۸-۶۳۶۳
1
v.
1
no.
2018
27
40
https://jaer.znu.ac.ir/article_32726_ea878ce9430c05d95b45e6a2b8bb7bc3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30470/jaer.2018.32726
Strategies for Making Qualitative the System of Education of Architecture in Iran
Maryam
Kalami
Architectural group/Engineering faculty/university of zanjan
author
Mohammad Sadegh
Falahat
Architectural group/Engineering faculty/university of zanjan
author
text
article
2018
per
"Education system" is a complicated concept of humanistic, philosophical and scientific concepts that studying and presenting solution to improve it requires comprehensive identifying influences on it; in particular when this concept arises in an interdisciplinary field like architecture. The basis of the system of higher education is hidden in the term of system that poses a "holistic", "process approach", and related to the "context" view in relation between the teacher and learner. The education process in Iran often is executed in the form of quasi- system or closed and rigid system and education program is based on three approaches of method, content, and purpose. These triple approaches, however, are effective in the process of education of science, but in humanities and art disciplines and particularly architecture, because of their educational content, don't have necessary efficiency and it's better to be optimized. Training the architect is a complicated process from interaction of teacher, student, environment, and educational goals and briefly is based on a kind of growing and educating from inside. The current article by presenting four basic characteristics of architect training including "temperamental", "experimental", "interactive", "creative" education and by analyzing the relation between quadruple elements of architect training and triple principles of the system of higher education, is trying to present suggestions for improvement the system of education of architecture. This research has begun with a look at the concept of the system of higher education and checking its problems and analyzing the system of education of architect and by presenting a framework for efficient relation between the program of usual education of architecture and architect training, suggests strategies for enhancing the system of education of architecture in three "holism", comprehensiveness", and "flexibility" approaches.
Architectural and Environmental Reasearch
University of Zanjan
۲۵۸۸-۶۳۶۳
1
v.
1
no.
2018
41
54
https://jaer.znu.ac.ir/article_32727_cc54ea745f2dff849cc4da877a6b6553.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30470/jaer.2018.32727
Environment-Behavior (E.B) Based Architectural Training Modeling
Reza
Naghdbishi
Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch
author
text
article
2018
per
The current investigation, which has started activity to concern with training of architecture, is aimed at data- mining in the subject of the lack of proposing theory about the teaching method in this field of study. In addition to accelerated quantitative growth, some of the basic factors in dealing with the present issue included the lack of qualitative development regarding the teaching of architecture during recent years and overlooking the subject of theorization in the field of architecture. The approach, which was taken toward this exploration in order to use and utilization from the profitability of an interdisciplinary research was led to restricting it within the behavioral sciences and by looking at pragmatism and feasibility about the contextual effect on human’s behavior was sufficed to borderlines of environmental psychological knowledge and environment- behavior studies. By definition of the research primary model that formed according to basic issues of research i.e. teaching of architecture and behavioral sciences in this study, it has been dealt with introducing and reviewing the approaches and theories in the field of research literature with three paradigms (architectural training, design process, and behavioral sciences) so that by the aid of the existing studies one could achieve the ability for recognizing the position of research and serve as a preamble for codification of its theoretical model that was based on primary model of the present treatise. In this trend, the research methodology has been posited according to this issue and research objectives comprised of finding an interdisciplinary model for architectural training based on approaches of behavioral sciences and it can be divided into two general strategic fields: “descriptive” and “analytical” areas. In descriptive field, the studied phenomena and conditions have included teaching of architecture, design process, and behavioral sciences while in analytical field, the present research has moved toward modeling in order to lead the research toward proposing of a model for training of design process that was the product of interaction between the three aforesaid factors in this pamphlet. The presented theory in this inquiry includes a new model of design process that leads to proposing a model of teaching architecture for optimization of teaching method. Acquiring the needed backgrounds in the field of environment- behavior knowledge, this model may be implemented by instructors of architectural schools at different levels.
Architectural and Environmental Reasearch
University of Zanjan
۲۵۸۸-۶۳۶۳
1
v.
1
no.
2018
55
68
https://jaer.znu.ac.ir/article_32728_9c39bd1c27753f75058bffed195a2820.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30470/jaer.2018.32728