Attention to collective memories, shared ethnic values, and the culture of the people of a land is essential for architects and urban designers, as architecture, as an art of creating space, is rooted in these beliefs and cultural values. The aim of this study is to focus on the roots that have shaped our contemporary architectural identity. In this context, merely observing the remaining buildings from the past and studying them is not sufficient, as many structures that were formed based on the thoughts, beliefs, and cultural values of an ethnic group have now disappeared, leaving only memories behind. These memories can be traced in ancient literary texts. Studying these texts and documents can be beneficial for better understanding and addressing many existing ambiguities in this field, as direct or indirect insights can be extracted from these sources, leading to a better understanding of the architecture of a land.

Since the architecture of today’s Shiraz suffers from a lack of identity and confusion, similar to other cities in Iran, this lack of identity stems from the designer's unfamiliarity with the local conditions and characteristics of the design. Therefore, a renewed understanding of its cultural and indigenous values is essential. One of the resources that can assist architects and urban designers in rediscovering forgotten identities is the study of ancient texts. Thus, this article attempts to conduct studies in the form of content analysis using literary written sources, including travelogues, poems of poets, and ancient texts, to provide evidence regarding the natural, cultural, and architectural characteristics of Shiraz. Subsequently, the relationship between the aforementioned concepts will be examined through the inferences drawn from the gathered materials. Ultimately, the study and examination of this evidence indicate a close relationship between the natural cultural characteristics and the past architecture of the city of Shiraz.